What it means
The request exceeded the rate limit budget. The response carries aRetry-After header stating how many seconds to wait before retrying.
What to do
- Wait at least the
Retry-Afterinterval, then retry with bounded exponential backoff and jitter. - Spread bulk work over time instead of bursting; page with explicit
limitvalues sized to your needs. - Treat sustained 429s as a signal to reduce request volume, not to retry harder.